TEMPO氧化纳米纤维素的制备及其对纸张性能的影响

以漂白桉木浆和废报纸为原料,利用2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基(TEMPO)/NaBr/NaClO氧化体系对其进行处理制备氧化纳米纤维素,并探究两种氧化纳米纤维素添加量对纸张性能的影响。研究结果表明:桉木浆氧化纳米纤维素的平均纤维长度约为75~95 nm,长径比约为6.5~8.5,均高于废报纸氧化纳米纤维素(45~75 nm,4~6)。添加桉木浆氧化纳米纤维素和废报纸氧化纳米纤维素均可使纸张抗张指数、耐破指数和撕裂指数增加。添加6%桉木浆氧化纳米纤维素时,纸张抗张指数由21.16(N·m)/g增加至31.37(N·m)/g,耐破指数由1.32(kPa·m^(2))/g增加至1.84(kPa·m^(2))/g,撕裂指数由6.61(mN·m^(2))/g增加至8.03(mN·m^(2))/g;添加6%废报纸氧化纳米纤维素时,纸张抗张指数由21.16(N·m)/g增加至27.22(N·m)/g,耐破指数由1.32(kPa·m^(2))/g增加至1.79(kPa·m^(2))/g,添加4%废报纸氧化纳米纤维素,纸张撕裂指数由6.61(mN·m^(2))/g增加至8.12(mN·m^(2))/g,可见,添加桉木浆氧化纳米纤维素效果更佳。添加1%阳离子淀粉,有助于两种氧化纳米纤维素对纸张强度的提高,其中桉木浆氧化纳米纤维素可使抗张指数最大提高51.09%,耐破指数提高50.00%,撕裂指数提高27.62%。     

Fe-H2O2深度处理造纸中段废水的研究

为解决零价铁法处理废水时效率偏低的问题,采用Fe-H2O2法对造纸中段废水的二级处理出水进行了深度处理,分别考察了pH值、反应时间、铁炭比、曝气量和H2O2投量对色度和COD去除率的影响.结果表明：在pH值为3.5、铁炭比（体积比）为1.2、曝气量为1.4 L/min、铁屑粒径为60～80目、H2O2投量为40～60 mg/L的最优条件下,当处理时间控制在35 min时,对色度和COD的去除率可分别达到98%和77%左右,出水可回用.     

电位调控浮选在金东高硫铅锌矿的应用

本文介绍了金东高硫铅锌矿电位调控浮选,通过调整剂石灰及组合抑制剂硫酸锌 亚硫酸钠添加至球磨,营造了高碱性及低氧化电位矿浆环境。乙硫氮为捕收剂,铅精矿铅品位及回收率分别提高了26%、25%。并通过分析矿物表面氧化反应及矿浆电位揭示了高硫铅锌矿浮选过程中方铅矿与闪锌矿及黄铁矿的分离机制。     

调浆气氛对黄铁矿浮选电化学性质影响研究

基于氧气在黄铁矿浮选电化学反应中的作用,考察了p H为4.00、6.86、9.18、10.01和10.96五种缓冲溶液浮选体系下,矿浆溶氧量(DO)对黄铁矿浮选矿浆电位(Eh)和回收率的影响。研究表明,五种缓冲溶液体系下,Eh均随着DO的增加而增加,碱性条件下DO对Eh的影响较小;浮选回收率随DO的增加呈下降趋势,碱性条件下回收率的变化较大。     

木浆纤维素/NMMO·H_2O溶液的流变性能研究

以含水率13.7%的N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(NMMO)为溶剂溶解木浆纤维素形成溶液,采用红外光谱分析仪对木浆纤维素的溶解过程进行表征,并采用黏度计研究了木浆纤维素/NMMO·H2O溶液的流变性能。结果表明:木浆纤维素在NMMO中先溶胀后溶解,且可完全溶解;木浆纤维素/NMMO·H2O溶液的流动呈现切力变稀的假塑性流体特征;木浆纤维素质量分数为6%时,溶液的非牛顿流动特征明显,溶液的表观黏度(ηa)随木浆纤维素浓度的增加明显增加,随剪切速率(γ)及温度的上升而下降,当γ高于一定值即logγ大于1.3时,溶液的ηa不受温度的影响,只随γ的上升而下降,且剪切应力不随γ变化而变化,为恒定值。     

纤维用浆粕中重金属含量的测定

介绍了一种检测浆粕中重金属含量的方法,即通过烧灰法将浆粕灰化,再加入盐酸和醋酸溶解,用等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-OES)仪检测浆粕中重金属元素的含量。该方法能够准确测定铜、镉、铁、锰、钼、镍等6种重金属元素的含量,具有重复性能好、检出限低、操作简便的优点。     

Characterization of Early Enzymes Involved in TDP‐Aminodideoxypentose Biosynthesis en Route to Indolocarbazole AT2433

The characterization of TDP‐α‐d ‐glucose dehydrogenase (AtmS8), TDP‐α‐d ‐glucuronic acid decarboxylase (AtmS9), and TDP‐4‐keto‐α‐d ‐xylose 2,3‐dehydratase (AtmS14), involved in Actinomadura melliaura AT2433 aminodideoxypentose biosynthesis, is reported. This study provides the first biochemical evidence that both deoxypentose and deoxyhexose biosynthetic pathways share common strategies for sugar 2,3‐dehydration/reduction and implicates the sugar nucleotide base specificity of AtmS14 as a potential mechanism for sugar nucleotide commitment to secondary metabolism. In addition, a re‐evaluation of the AtmS9 homologue involved in calicheamicin aminodeoxypentose biosynthesis (CalS9) reveals that CalS9 catalyzes UDP‐4‐keto‐α‐d ‐xylose as the predominant product, rather than UDP‐α‐d ‐xylose as previously reported. Cumulatively, this work provides additional fundamental insights regarding the biosynthesis of novel pentoses attached to complex bacterial secondary metabolites.     

Conformation Analysis of GalNAc‐Appended Sugar Amino Acid Foldamers as Glycopeptide Mimics

Sugar amino acid (SAA)‐based foldamers with well‐defined secondary structures were appended with N‐acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) sugars to access sequence‐defined, multidentate glycoconjugates with full control over number, spacing and position. Conformation analysis of these glycopeptides by extensive NMR spectroscopic studies revealed that the appended GalNAc units had a profound influence on the native conformational behaviour of the SAA foldamers. Whereas the 2,5‐cis glycoconjugate showed a helical structure in water, comprising of two consecutive 16‐membered hydrogen bonds, its 2,5‐trans congener displayed an unprecedented 16/10‐mixed turn structure not seen before in any glycopeptide foldamer.     

Evaluation of the Anti-Proliferative Activity of Rare Aldohexoses against MOLT-4F and DU-145 Human Cancer Cell Line and Structure-Activity Relationship of D-Idose

D-Allose (D-All), a C-3 epimer of D-glucose (D-Glc), is a naturally rare monosaccharide, which shows anti-proliferative activity against several human cancer cell lines. Unlike conventional anticancer drugs, D-All targets glucose metabolism and is non-toxic to normal cells. Therefore, it has attracted attention as a unique “seed” compound for anticancer agents. However, the anti-proliferative activities of the other rare aldohexoses have not been examined yet. In this study, we evaluated the anti-proliferative activity of rare aldohexoses against human leukemia MOLT-4F and human prostate cancer DU-145 cell lines. We found that D-All and D-idose (D-Ido) at 5 mM inhibited cell proliferation of MOLT-4F cells by 46 % and 60 %, respectively. On the other hand, the rare aldohexoses at 5 mM did not show specific anti-proliferative activity against DU-145 cells. To explore the structure–activity relationship of D-Ido, we evaluated the anti-proliferative activity of D-sorbose (D-Sor), 6-deoxy-D-Ido, and L-xylose (L-Xyl) against MOLT-4F cells and found that D-Sor, 6-deoxy-D-Ido, and L-Xyl showed no inhibitory activity at 5 mM, suggesting that the aldose structure and the C-6 hydroxy group of D-Ido are important for its activity. Cellular glucose uptake assay and western blotting analysis of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression suggested that the anti-proliferative activity of D-Ido is induced by inhibition of glucose uptake via TXNIP-independent pathway.     

淀粉-阳离子接枝共聚荧光乳液的制备及性能

利用亲核取代法制备含有紫外线吸收基团的二苯乙烯型荧光单体（FBs），然后采用接枝共聚技术将FBs、苯乙烯分别与二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（DMDAAC）和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（DMC）接枝聚合在淀粉大分子上，制备两种阳离子荧光乳液（ST-DMDAAC-FBs / ST-DMC-FBs）。采用1H-NMR、FT-IR、UV-vis、荧光光谱对产物的结构及光学性能进行表征；通过抗张强度、接触角、紫外光老化试验、SEM等手段对施胶前后纸张的物理性能进行测试。结果表明，经ST-DMDAAC-FBs、ST-DMC-FBs施胶纸张的抗张强度相比空白纸张分别提高43.1%、39.7%，白度分别提高15.52 %ISO、15.28 %ISO，返黄值分别降低1.88、1.75。说明ST-DMDAAC-FBs、ST-DMC-FBs均可以提高纸张白度与强度、抑制纸张返黄，且ST-DMDAAC-FBs对纸张的作用效果更佳。